Electromotor



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet' 1. H. R.'BUTTERPIELD.

ELEGTROMOTOR.

Ira/6223 07."

' Patented Mar. 11, 1890.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H..'R. BUTTERFIELD.

' ELEGTR'O'MOTOR7 No. 422,911. Patented Mar. 11, 1890.

ifz'z'zwmz .lwwizzazi' UNITED STATES HENRY R. BUTTERFIELI),

PATENT OFFICE.

OF WATERVILLE, MAINE.

E EcT oMoToR.

srncrrroa'rroiv' forming part of Letters Patent No. 422,911, dated March 11,1890. 7

' Application filed May 22, 1889. serial No. 3 1,685. (No model.)

To all whom it mag concern:

- Be it known that I, HENRY R. BUTTERFIELD, a citizen of the United States, residing at .Wa-

- terville, in the county of Kennebec and State of Maine, have invented certain new and use:

ful Improvements in Electromotors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,

' and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the'art tofwhichit appertains to make and use the same.

The object of this invention is to increase the durability, simplicity, and efficiency of electromotors, and more especially of that kind in which a vibrating pivoted armature is employed, although certain features of my invention may be used with a difierent kind of motor. To. attain the said object I make use of the construction and combination of devices hereinafter particularly set forth,

which will allow me .touse the incandescentlight circuit, and which will Work with very little friction or wear as well 1 as without accumulating dirt or burned oil.

- resents a plan view, enlarged, of the commu* tator. Fi 5 re resents a rear view of the commutator-board and attachments. Fig. 6

represents a detail perspective view of the commutator-disk. Fig. 7 represents a detail perspective view of one of the commutatorsprings and its clamping-blocks. Fig. 8 represents a similar view of one of the carbons and its bifurcated holder, and Fig. 9 represents a diagram of the circuits.

-In the accompanying drawings, the letter A designates the frame of the machine, having standards A A raised thereon at one side to provide bearings for the shaftB. This shaft is rotated by means of at least one vibrating armature C, and at least-one pair of electro-magnets arranged on opposite sides of said armature, attracting it alternately. As illustratedin said drawings,the motor has two armatures G-one opposite each end: of

' the shafteand alsohas two magnets D D or L D D for each armature. The number of armatures and magnets may be increasedatwill, accordingto convenience. These magnets are arranged horizontally, with one pole facing inwardly toward said armature and forming'part of frame A, support said magnets at the outerends thereof.

Each armature O is pivoted at its lower end i to a lug a, raised on the bed-piece of said frame, and is made to taper upward considered in side elevation, as shown in Fig. 2. This throws the center of gravity low, making the vibration easy, with the least possible strain on the pivot; also, the inclination of the sides is such that whichever way the armature is drawn its side will fit exactly against the faces of the ends of the attracting-mag-n ets. This will prevent any obliquity of strain or inequality of wear, and will insure evenness of attraction and instantaneousness of release. An armature with'its sides normally vertical of course could not have either of them vertical when tilted and would not fit evenly against "the attractive faces of the magnets. As shown in Fig. 3, each'armature is widened at C C opposite the magnets, so as to present the great-- est amount of material for attraction consistcut with the weight of the armature as a whole and its tapering shape aforesaid. These enlargements have approximately the shape of disks, corresponding to that of the proxi- -mate ends of said electro-magnets, to insure the most perfect action possible of the magnets thereon. The intervening waist c is made narrow, and the upper and lower ends 0, c of the armature are made narrower still for the sake of lightness. v

A pitman E connects the upper end of said armature to a wrist-pin f, arranged ecce'm' trically'on the face of a disk- F, which is fast on the proximate end of said shaft 13. The construction of said disk-pin and pitman is the same in each instance, and they are operated simultaneously, or, .preferably,'alter-l shaft.

AVAELABLE lJxJl' i -I, held fast removably by a pivoted clampingcam t, which is attached to said disk but bears against said shaft. An anti-friction roller 1 is journaled in a peripheral recess of said disk and eat-ends outward therefrom .at

one point of' the'periphery, its function being that of a camto wipe against the commutator-springs J J J 2 J 3 and force them successively, in the order hereinafter stated, into operation is as follows, the commutator-disk I turning from right to left in the direction of the arrow: First, the magnet D at the right hand of Figs. 2 and 9 is connected byxwire M with. commutator spring or brush J, which is forced into contact with post K-by projecting roller I, completing the circuit through the helices of said magnet, and of course energizing the latter, so astoattract the armature C, which is between magnet-D andjD,

and partly rotate the shaft. 1 As the commutator-disk continues its rotation this circuit is broken by the'passage of the roller 1 from the spring-or brush J, and the automatic separation of the latter from the carbon post K. The next brush or commutator-spring to the left -J 2 is then struck bysaid roller and forced into contact with its carbon post K This commutator-spring is connected by'wire M with the magnet D on the opposite side of the shaft, but at the other end of said shaft from magnet D. This magnet D*being.thus

energized attracts the other armature in the opposite direction, continuing the rotationof said shaft. disk thus being carried around releases this brush J 2 with the same result as before, and shortly comes in contact with commutator spring or brush J, which is connected by spring M to magnet D, directly opposite magnet D. The said brush or spring J is forced by roller -I against contact-post K, completing the circuit through the helices of said magnet D, and thus attracting the armature first operated on in the direction oppo site to its first motion. As the connectingrods E are attached to the disks F at points ninety degrees apart in the circumference of said disk, the said parts are now in such position that this attraction by magnet D will continue the rotation of the shaft. The roller 1 leaves this brush J and passes to brush or wire J forcing it against carbon post K so as to complete circuit through the helices of thefourth magnet D which is connected to said brush J 3 by wire M This magnet is on the same side of the shaft with magnet D, but at the opposite end of said shaft. The attrac- Q tion of this magnet exerted on the armature G, between it and magnet D completes the rotation of said shaft, and the magnet D .is

ne'xt made active again, as before. Of course The roller 1 on the commutatorthe connections must be changed if the rotation is to be in the opposite direction, and may be changed for other reasons. I merely illustrate an efficient arrangement of parts and succession of magnetic actions without confining myself thereto. Thus the rotation of the shaft and commutator-disk will make and break circuit through said magnets in rapid succession, causing corresponding alternate vibrations of said armatures, one rocking toward the right almost immediately after the otherhas rocked toward the left, and then back again insimilar order. This action of course maintains a rapid and even rotation of said shaft, which may apply its power through belt-pulley H to any machinery.

The springs J J J 2 J are held by set-screws oin channels'o of metallic blocks 0, which commutator-board P, supported by 'a standard Q, rising'from the bed-piece of the frame A. By loosening said set-screws the said springs maybe adjusted backward or forward in said -c'hannels' to' insure their proper position for the actionof roller I thereon, as aforesaid. Normally they rest against pins r, attached to said commutator-board, which prevent them from coming in contact with the body of the commutator-disk. tuberance I forces each commutator-spring away from its pin 7', preliminarily to making contact with the carbon, as aforesaid. The wire running to each spring from its magnets is by preference attached to one of the screws 0 and not directly to the spring; but this is not important. Copper or other suitable the carbons. The arrangement of circuits may be changed, so that the two armatures will vibrate simultaneously in the same direction; but I prefer to have them as de scribed.

The carbons K K K K are held in detachable bifurcated clamps S, which are fastened to the back of said commutator-board, each carbon also passing through a holein are recessed in each instance at s to fit around the carbomgA transverse screw R, passing through one of said arms and into the other, draws the said arms together against and around it. The loosening of this screw allows the carbon to be withdrawn and another substituted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is g 1. In combination with a rotating shaft and "the magnets and armature operating the same, a commutator-disk mounted on said shaft rotating therewith and having a protuberance from its periphery, a series of commutator-springs arranged to be struck by said protuberance, a series of contact-posts against which said springs are forced thereby successively, and a set of circuit-wires for said magnets, the circuits being successively are detachably fastened by screws 0 ,to a' the latter. The arms ,sof the clamp or holder.

The roller or pro- IOO conducting material may be substituted for of its periphery, but extending beyond the,

same, a series of commutator springs arranged to be struck successively by said roller, a series of contact-posts arranged for contact with said springs when thus struck, a series of electro-maguets, an armature or armatures actuated thereby and connected to said shaft for actuating it, and the wires completing the circuit through said magnets and having said commutator-sprin gs and contact-posts for termina-ls, substantially as set forth.

3. In combination with the shaft, magnets, armature, wires, pitman, and commutatordisk, having a roller or protuberance I, the

fixed carbons or contact-posts, the movable com mutatorspringsand the channeled blocks and set-screws for adjusting said springs lengthwise, substantially as set forth.

4. The carbon-holders bifurcated and recessed, as described, in combination with the carbons or contact-posts fitting into their recesses, the screws for clamping the arms of said holders on said carbons, the perforated fixed commutator-board, to the rear of which said holders are fastened and through which saidcarbons extend, the springs arranged for contact with said carbons, and the commutator-disk and its roller arranged to operate against said springs successively, substantially as set forth. Y

5. In combination with commutator-springs and wires, contact posts of carbon for completing the circuits, and the commutator forwiping against said springsto close said circuits successively by forcing said springs against said contact-posts, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.-

' -HENRY R. BUTTERFIELD,

Witnesses: I

H. D. BATES, L. B. SPENCER. 

